Umhlahlandlela we-volpage regade onemininingwane
2024-04-17 16122

I-TL431 iyisethenjwa esilawulwa se-terminal esilawulwa ezintathu esihlanganisiwe se-chip ngokuqina okuhle kwezinga lokushisa.Ngenxa yokunemba kwayo okuphezulu, i-quieient yamanje, kanye nomsindo wokukhipha, kusetshenziswa kabanzi kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene kagesi, njengokulawula okuzenzakalelayo, ukuphathwa kwamandla, nokuguqulwa kwamandla, nokuguqulwa kwamandla.Ukusiza wonke umuntu ukuthi aqonde kangcono i-TL431, le ndatshana ihlanganise imininingwane efanele nge-TL431.Woza ubheke.

Tl431 Ingabe i-2.50V kuya ku-36V eguquguqukayo yokushintshwa kwe-shunt yource ekhiqizwa ngokuhlangene okukhiqizwe yiTexas Milsts Incorporate (TI) ne-Motorola efakwe e-USA.Inamandla okukhishwa kwamanje okuguquguqukayo futhi isebenza njengomthombo we-voltage oyinkomba.The TL431 Series Includes TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I, TL431AI, TL431M, TL431Y, Totaling Six Models.Lawa mamodeli abelana ngesakhiwo sangaphakathi sesekethelwanga sangaphakathi esinokwehluka okuncane kuphela kwizinkomba zobuchwepheshe.Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuhlangene, ukucacisa okuguquguqukayo kwesethenjwa, kanye nokukhishwa okukhulu kwamanje, i-TL431 ingasetshenziswa ukuklama abalawuli abahlukahlukene.Izici zayo zokusebenza zifaka phakathi ukuguquguquka okuguquguqukayo okuguquguqukayo kuze kufike ku-36V, okubanzi okusebenzayo kwamanje kusuka ku-0.1ma kuya ku-100m, nomsindo ojwayelekile we-0.22, nomsindo ophansi ophansi.Ngokwengeziwe, ine-voltage ephezulu yokufaka ye-37V, okuphezulu okusebenzayo kwamanje kwe-150mA, i-voltage yangaphakathi ye-2.5V, kanye nokukhishwa kwamandla akwaVoltage kusuka ku-2.5V kuya ku-30v kuya ku-30v kuya ku-30v kuya ku-30v kuya ku-30v.

Ukunemba kwe-voltage yesethenjwa ye-TL431 kungafinyelela ku- ± 2 amaphesenti noma ngaphezulu, ukukwenza

I-TL431 ifaka impendulo esheshayo eguqukayo.Ingalungisa ngokushesha i-voltage esheshayo ekuphenduleni izinguquko zomthwalo wokuhlinzekwa kwamandla, iqinisekisa ukuphuma okuzinzile okusebenzayo.

Njengoba i-TL431 ihlanganisa iphutha lokukhulisa kanye ne-Reference Voltage Source, lenza lula umjikelezo wesizungu, kunciphisa usayizi wesekethe, futhi kwehlise izindleko zokuphakelwa kwamandla.

Amandla kagesi we-TL431 angashintshwa kusetshenziswa abamelana nawo ababili bangaphandle, anikeze uhla lokulungiswa kusuka ku-2.5V kuya ku-36V, anele ukujikeleza okuhlinzekwa kwamandla ahlukahlukene.

Izilinganiso zamanje, ze-voltage, kanye nokukhula kwanoma iyiphi ithuluzi elikhombisa izidingo zalo zamandla, i.e.Ithebula elilandelayo linikeza izilinganiso zamanje, zamandla, kanye namandla kagesi we-TL431.

Ukukala ukuthi ngabe ukusebenza kwe-TL431 kuhle, kudingeka sikhombe izikhonkwane zalo njenge-terminal, i-anode, ne-cathode.Ngemuva kokuqinisekisa izikhonkwane, singalandela izinyathelo ezingezansi ukukala.Okokuqala, siguqula uhla lwe-multimeter ku-RXLK block, xhuma ipeni elimnyama kuya ku-anode, kanye nepeni elibomvu endaweni ye-cathode.Okulinganiswa ngalesi sikhathi ukumelana phambili kwe-TL431.Okulandelayo, siyashintshana ngokuhola okuholela, okungukuthi, ipeni elimnyama lixhumeke kwi-Chithde futhi ipeni elibomvu lixhumeke kwi-anode.Ngalesi sikhathi, ukumelana okuhlanekezelwe okungenamkhawulo kufanele kukhonjiswe.Lokhu kusho ukuthi lapho ukugeleza kwamanje kusuka ku-anode kuya e-cathode, i-TL431 ingavulwa ngokujwayelekile;Futhi lapho ukugeleza kwamanje kusuka eKathode kuya ku-anode, i-TL431 icishiwe.Okulandelayo, sigcina uhla lwe-multimeter ku-RxLk block, xhuma ipeni elimnyama kwirejista yenkomba, nepeni elibomvu endaweni ye-cathode.Ngalesi sikhathi, akufanele kube nokugeleza kwamanje ngakho, okungukuthi, akukho okubonisa imitha.Ngemuva kwalokho, lapho sithinta ipeni elimnyama ngesandla esisodwa ne-anode ngakolunye uhlangothi, isikhombisi kufanele sishise kakhulu.Lapho lesi simo sihlangatshezwa, i-PIN ethintana ngesandla yi-terminal yesethenjwa.Isinyathelo sokugcina ukumfushane-isembozo esiyisithenjwa se-terminal kanye ne-anode, okungukuthi, vumela amanje ukugeleza kusuka ku-terminal yesethenjwa kanye ne-anode ngasikhathi sinye.Kulokhu, uma ukuhola kokuhlolwa okumnyama kuxhumeke kwi-cathode kanye nokuhola okubomvu kuxhumeke ku-anode, imvamisa kuzoba yithonsi elincane le-voltage;Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ukuhola kokuhlolwa okumnyama kuxhumeke ku-anode kanye nokuhola okubomvu kuxhumeke kwi-cathode, ngokuvamile kuzoba khona ukwehla kwamandla kagesi.Umgomo walesi silinganiso ususelwa kumaconsi ahlukene we-voltage we-TL431 ngesikhathi sokubuyela emuva.

I-Voltage Monitor

Umjikelezo we-crowbar

Umlawuli weShunt

Ukubhala umkhawulo wamanje

Umlawuli we-shunt ophakeme wamanje

I-PWM Converter ngereferensi

Ukunemba Umlawuli Ophakeme Wezochungeko

I-TL431 inezikhonkwane ezintathu, okuyi-terminal yesethenjwa, i-anode, ne-cathode.Ukuze sihlukanise lezi zikhonkwane ezintathu, singazihlela kusuka kwesobunxele kuye kwesokudla ne-logo ebheke khona.Ngokukhethekile, i-terminal yenkomba yi-PIN esetshenziselwa ukufaka i-voltage yereferensi;I-anode iyinqwaba lapho kugeleza khona kwamanje;Futhi i-cathode iyinqwaba lapho kuvela khona njengamanje.Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo, iCHOODE ivame ukuxhunyaniswa esigxotsheni esivumayo sokuhlinzekwa kwamandla ngokusebenzisa umkhawulo wamanje wokumelana, ngenkathi i-anode ixhumeke esigxotsheni esingesihle sokunikezwa kwamandla.Umdwebo wawo we-PIN umi kanjena:

I-PIN 1 (ireferensi): Le phinikhodi isetha isilinganiso se-voltage ye-zener diode.

I-PIN 2 (anode): i-anode ye-zener diode efanayo

I-PIN 3 (Kathodi): I-Katiode ye-zener diode efanayo

I-TL431 ingumlawuli we-shunt oguqukayo onama-terminal aguqukayo ngokuqina okuhle.Imvamisa isetshenziswa njengesethenjwa se-voltage eguqukayo.Isakhiwo saso sangaphandle siqukethe izikhonkwane ezintathu: i-cathode, i-anode, kanye ne-teferetha voltage.Isakhiwo sangaphakathi sikhonjiswe esithombeni.Kuzinhlelo eziningi ze-TL431, i-anode ivame ukuxhunywa emhlabathini, kanye nengxenye ye-cathode yamanje igeleza ngomthombo wamanje wesibuko ekhoneni elingezansi kwesobunxele komdwebo we-block.I-voltage Drop eyenziwe yilokhu kwamanje ku-Resistor, kanye nokwehla kwamandla kagesi phakathi kwe-BASE B ne-Emitter e ye-transistor, bendawonye bakha i-voltage yereferensi ye-2.5v.Isakhiwo esisezingeni eliphakathi se-TL431 silingana nomjikelezo we-amplifier ohlukile, kanti isigaba saso sokukhipha samukela isakhiwo seDarlington.Ngakho-ke, i-TL431 ayigcini nje ngokuba nomsebenzi ohlanganisiwe weVoltage Reference Work kodwa futhi ihlanganisa umsebenzi wesekethe we-amplifier osebenzayo.

Ngokomsebenzi wayo, i-TL431 iqukethe i-2.5V Reference Voltage ngaphakathi, i-OP-amp ehlukile, kanye ne-transistor evulekile yokuqoqa.Umdwebo olula we-TL431 ukhonjiswe ngezansi.Lapho i-voltage ethekeze i-voltage pin ingaphansi kune-voltage yangaphakathi ye-2.5V, i-op-amp akhipha izinga eliphansi, lapho i-triode isesimweni se-tl431 (inganaki ukuvuza okuncaneOkwamanje);Futhi lapho i-voltage ethekeze i-voltage PIN iphakeme kune-voltage yangaphakathi yezethenjwa, i-op-amp akhipha izinga eliphakeme, i-triode lenza futhi idonsele indawo ephuma e-cathode, futhi ingena esifundeni sakwa-saturation ngokushesha.Kuphela lapho i-voltage ye-voltage PIN iseduze kakhulu kumandla etheretha, i-tride izosebenza endaweni ye-amplification, isuka eKathode ikhiphe i-njalo yamanje.Ukuhlaziywa kukhombisa ukuthi ekushintsheni kwamandla, isakhiwo sokuqala esidinga ukuthi i-dissete Reference voltage kanye ne-op-amp ye-amp yempendulo ingathathelwa indawo nge-TL431.

Lapho sisebenzisa i-TL431, kufanele sinake izici ezilandelayo.

Ukugeleza okuncane kwamanje nge-TL431 kumele kugcinwe ngenhla kwe-1mA, ngenye indlela, kuzolahlekelwa ukusebenza kwalo komthetho kagesi.Ngasikhathi sinye, inani eliphakeme lamanje alikwazi ukwedlula i-100MA ukugwema ukulimaza i-TL431.

Kusukela ireferensi yangaphakathi ye-Vref Vref ye-TL431 igcinwa yi-CHATHEDE yamanje, futhi lokhu okukhona manje kufanele kube ngaphezulu komkhawulo othile wokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile, lapho okuphuma khona kwe-TL431 kunguIsimo esinqunyelwe, i-cathode isadinga ukugcina ukubamba okukhulu kwamanje kune-0.2mA;Lapho indawo yokuphuma isekugcwalisekeni, amavolushi phakathi kwezigxobo kumele okungenani abe ngaphezulu kwe-2.2V ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-TL431 ingasebenza ngokujwayelekile.

Ukuthatha iphakethe elijwayelekile kuye-92 njengesibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphezulu kwe-TL431 kungu-0.7w.Eqinisweni, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla P ye-TL431 esifundeni kungabalwa yifomula P = vo * i, lapho i-VO iyi-voltage yamanje ye-TL431.Ngakho-ke, lapho umphumela ungadluli i-5V, i-TL431 ingakhipha inani eliphakeme lamanje le-140ma;Lapho okuphumayo voltage kungu-7v, kungakhipha kuphela okwamanje nge-10MA ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwamandla.Imvamisa, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwamandla we-TL431 kusuka ku-0.5W kuya ku-1.2w.Lapho isebenza ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu, ama-voltage aphezulu noma izimo eziphakeme zamanje, kufanele sinake ngokukhethekile umoya omncane, ukushiyeka kokushisa kanye nokuphepha komjikelezo ophelele ukuvikela ukuwohloka kwamandla ngokweqile.

Lapho ukhetha izinto zokwakha futhi ubeke phansi, kufanele sinikeze kuqala ukumelana nokuphikiswa okufanayo ngohlobo olufanayo lokulinganisa okuncane, umsindo ophansi kanye namandla amakhulu okuqinisekisa ukuqina nokwethembeka.Ngokusho kwefomula Vo = 2,5 * (1 + R1 / R2), lapho i-VO ingama-36V, singakwazi ukubala isilinganiso esiphezulu sika-R1 kuya ku-R2 ngu-R2.4, okungukuthi, inani eliphakeme le-R1 kufanele libe yizikhathi eziyi-13,4lokho ngo-R2.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuthola inzuzo ephezulu ye-loop nejubane lokuphendula okusheshayo kwe-TL431, lapho iphuzu lesampula (okungukuthi, iphuzu lokuxhumeka ngo-R1 no-R2) likude nezigxobo ezimbili, umjikelezo uthambekele ku-overshoot ukuzeUkuthokozela.Ngakho-ke, lapho uklama nokusebenzisa, kudingeka sinake ngokukhethekile indawo ye-Sampling Point ukugwema lesi simo.

Yebo, iyi-zener diode ehlelekile.Ukukhishwa kwamandla akwaVoltage kusuka kusuka kuma-volts ayi-2,5 kuya ku-36 volts.Ukungabekezeleli kweVoltage Voltage kuzoba ± amaphesenti ama-4.Ukukhishwa kwamanje noma ukucwilisa amabanga wamanje avela ku-1 Ma kuya ku-100 ma.

I-TL431 iyisithenjwa sokuqala se-shunt evamile ye-shunt.I-TLV431 iyindlela ephansi yesethenjwa ye-TLV kodwa futhi inezincazelo ezithile ezihlukile.

I-TL431 ekucushweni okuvulekile okuvame ukusetshenziswa njengesiqhathaniso se-voltage, ukuqapha kwe-undervoltage, ukuqapha okuphezulu, umtshina we-windows voltage, nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zokusebenzisa.I-TL431 ireferensi ye-shunt voltage esetshenziselwa lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza.

Lapho i-TL431 ilimele, uma kungekho ukushintshwa kwemodeli efanayo, ingashintshwa ngqo nge-ka431, μ431, i-yl431, i-yc431, i-S431, njll. TL431 Subrix Letters khombisa umkhiqizo kanye nebanga lokushisa elisebenzayo.

Amadivayisi we-TL431 nama-TL432 angama-turnel-terminal aguqukayo alawulayo, ngokuqina okucacisiwe okushintshiwe kumabanga asebenzayo wezimoto, ezentengiso, kanye namazinga okushisa ezempi.I-voltage ekhishwayo ingahlelwa kunoma yiliphi inani eliphakathi kwe-vref (cishe u-2.5 v) no-36 v, nabamelana nabo ababili bangaphandle.