I-Radio Spectrum: Ukuqonda ama-Iturency band kusuka ku-VLF kuya ku-UHF
2024-09-04 5011

I-electromagnetic spectrum imele uhla olunwetshiwe lwezinhlobo zemisebe, ngayinye inezimpawu ezihlukile kanye nezicelo ezidingekayo ekuxhumaneni kwanamuhla kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe.Maphakathi nalesi sibalo silele i-radio spectrum, ehlukaniswe ngamabhande ahlukahlukene ahlukahlukene ayisisekelo sokusetshenziswa okuthile kwezobuchwepheshe, kusuka ekuxhumaneni okude kwezempi, ukuhambisa amabanga amabanga amade ukuhambisa ukuhambisa i-satellite.Le ndatshana ihlola ezakhiweni ezi-nuances kanye nalezi zinhlaka, eziqondiswa ukuhlukaniswa okuhleliwe okubekwe yi-International Telecommunication Union (ITU).Ngokuhlola ibhendi ngalinye kusuka kufrikhweni eliphansi kakhulu (i-elf) livame kakhulu (thf), sihlola ukuthi la mazwe asebenza kanjani njengomgogodla wezicelo ze-myriad - ezisukela ekuxhumaneni komhlaba okujulile, izimfuno eziphezulu ze-bandwidthkwamanethiwekhi asafufusa ama-5G nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaba khona ze-THF.

Namabhuku

Umdwebo 1: Radio Spectrum

Ukuhlola iRadio Spectrum

I-Radio Spectrum iyingxenye enkulu ye-electromagnetic spectrum, ehlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zemisebe, kufaka phakathi amaza omsakazo, ukukhanya okubonakalayo, ukuthambeka kwe-infraviolet.Kuyisisekelo ukuqonda ukuthi amaza kagesi aziphatha kanjani futhi ahlanganyele nemvelo.Lesi sibonelelo sihlukaniswe ngamabanga avemvane ahlukile, ngalinye libonakala ngama-wavelength athile namaza achaza ukusetshenziswa kwawo kwezobuchwepheshe.

Ama-wavelength ahlukahlukene kanye nobuningi ngaphakathi komsakazo iSpectrum Nika amandla abanzi wezinhlelo zokusebenza.Izansi eziphansi, njengalezo ezise-LF, MF, nama-HF band, i-Excel ekuxhumaneni okude.Bakufeza lokhu ngokukhombisa ionosphere, okuvumela amasiginali ukuthi amboze amabanga amade.Ngokuphambene nalokho, imvamisa ephezulu, njenge-vhf, i-UHF, ne-EHF, kufanelekile kakhulu ukuxhumana okuphephile, ukukhomba okuphezulu kwe-point kanye nokuxhumana kwe-satellite.Ama-wavelength afushane avumela imishayo egxile kakhulu, amanani okudlulisa amanani aphezulu, futhi anciphise ukuphazamiseka, okwenza balungele izinhlelo ze-bandwidth-ezikhuthele.

I-Frequency band ngayinye isebenzisa izinhloso zobuchwepheshe ezihlukile:

Imvamisa ephansi (i-lf) - Okuhle kakhulu ngezidingo zokuxhumana ezinde, kufaka phakathi ukuhamba kwasolwandle nokusakaza.

Imvamisa ephakathi nendawo (MF) - Ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa ukusakazwa kwe-AM Radio, ukuhlinzeka ngendawo ebanzi yendawo.

Imvamisa ephezulu (hf) - Kugxile ekusakazweni kwamanye amazwe nasezokuxhumana emikhakheni yezeminyaka kanye nendiza, lapho amasiginali ancike ekubonisweni kwe-ionospher kokudluliswa okude.

Imvamisa ephezulu kakhulu (i-vhf) kanye nemvamisa ephezulu (UHF) - Isidingo somsakazo we-FM, ukusakazwa kwethelevishini, namanethiwekhi amaselula, lapho amasiginali acacile futhi athembekile aphambili.

Imvamisa ephezulu kakhulu (ehf) - Isetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana ezithuthukile, kufaka phakathi iphuzu-to-point kanye nokuxhumana kwe-satellite, kanye ne-radar, lapho kutholakala khona amanani aphezulu okudlulisa idatha nokunemba.

I-ITU Frequency Band

I-International Telecommunication Union (ITU) idlala indima enkulu ekuphatheni i-Global Radio Spectrum.Ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile emhlabeni wonke, i-ITU ihlukanisa i-spectrum ibe ngamabhande ajwayelekile ayishumi nambili, abhalwe ngemigomo efana ne-VLF, LF, MF, ne-HF.Lokhu kuqokwa kugxile ekuhleleni ukuthi kusetshenziswe kanjani amaza ahlukile emhlabeni jikelele.

Umdwebo 2: I-ITU Frequency Band

Ngokomlando, la maqembu ahlukaniswe ngokusekelwe ku-wavelength.Kodwa-ke, ukuthuthukisa ukunemba, i-ITU manje isebenzisa ukuhlukaniswa okususelwa imvamisa.Imingcele yalezi zinhlamvu isethwe emandleni athile ama-Ten (1 x 10ⁿⁱ).Isibonelo, i-HF Band ichazwa ngokucacile kusuka ku-3 MHZ kuye ku-30 ​​MHz.Lesi sakhiwo esihlelekile, njengoba sichazwe kwimithetho ye-ITU Radio, sinika amandla isabelo esicacile nesisebenzayo semithombo yemvamisa, ekhuluma nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zobuchwepheshe kanye nokucatshangelwa kwesifunda.

Ama-opharetha kufanele asebenze ngaphakathi kwalokhu kuqokwa kwe-ITU lapho eqala ukusungulwa kwezinhlelo zokuxhumana.Bakhetha ngokucophelela amaza ngokuhlaziya izici zebhendi ngalinye futhi bazivumelanisa nenhloso ehlosiwe yohlelo lokuxhumana.Izici eziyisisekelo zifaka izimo zokusakazwa, imithombo yokuphazanyiswa, kanye nokunamathela kwimithetho yamazwe omhlaba.Ukusebenza kwalezi zinhlelo kudinga ukuphathwa imvamisa ehambelana kaningi, lapho abasebenza khona ngokuqhubekayo belungisa izilungiselelo ukuphendula ushintsho lwezemvelo lwangempela kanye nezimfuno zokulawula.Le nqubo yokucophelela iyadingeka ukuthi ilondoloze ukuthembeka nokucaca nokucaca, ikhombisa izinselelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezabhekana nazo ochwepheshe ensimini.

Izakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamabhendi weRadio Spectrum

Amabhendi we-Radio Frequency amboza ububanzi obuhlukahlukene, ngalinye linezakhiwo ezihlukile ezibenza zilungele ukusetshenziswa okuthile kwezobuchwepheshe.Isibonelo, imvamisa engenhla kwe-300 GHz igxile kakhulu ngama-molekyuli asemkhathini, enikeza umkhathi womhlaba cishe cishe opaque kulezi zivalo eziphakeme.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imvamisa ephakeme eseduze ne-infrarency ithola ukumunca komkhathi okuncane, okuvumela ukuthunyelwa okucacile.

Izakhiwo ezihlukile zebhele ngalinye ziboleka kuzinhlelo ezithile:

Imvamisa ephansi (ngezansi 3 mhz) - Lezi zilungele ukuxhumana okude, njengomsakazo we-AM, ngoba zingakhombisa ionosphere futhi zimboze amabanga amade.

Imvamisa ephakathi (3 mhz kuya ku-30 ​​mhz) - Lawa mazwe asetshenziselwa ukuxubana kokusakaza nokuxhumana, okunikeza ukulinganisela phakathi kwebanga nokucaca.

Imvamisa ephezulu (30 mhz kuya ku-300 mhz) - Lawa mabhendi alungele ukusakazwa komsakazo we-FM kanye nethelevishini, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni lapho ukusakazwa kwawo okucacile kuyinzuzo.

Imvamisa ephezulu (300 mhz to 3 GHz) - Isetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi wefoni ephathekayo nezinhlelo ze-GPS, la mafrikhwensi ahlinzeka ngokuyekethisa okuhle phakathi kwebanga kanye namandla okuphatha inani elikhulu ledatha.

Imvamisa ephezulu kakhulu (30 ghz kuya ku-300 ghz) - Ilungele i-radar ephezulu ye-radar kanye nokuxhumana kwe-satellite, la mafrikhwensi akwazi ukuphatha ukuthunyelwa kwemininingwane emikhulu kepha azwela izimo zasemkhathini njengemvula.

Lapho ukhetha ama-radio Frequency ezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukile, abaqhubi kufanele babheke ukuthi imiphumela yakwaSorcherric, efana nokuboniswa kwe-Ionorria kanye nokusakazwa kweTropostheric, ukuthobeka ukusakazeka kwesiginali.Lezi zinto zidinga kakhulu ukuxhumana okude kanye nokuxhumana kwe-satellite.Isibonelo, ukuxhumana kwe-HF Band kuncike kakhulu ezimweni ze-ionospheric, kudinga abahlinzeki ukuthi balungise izinqumo zemvamisa ngokususelwa ezintweni ezinjengesikhathi sosuku kanye ne-solar umsebenzi othembekile.

Imvamisa ephansi kakhulu (i-elf) band

I-band ephansi kakhulu (i-Elf) ye-Frequency (elf), isukela ku-3 kuye ku-30 ​​hz, inezinto ezinde ezinde phakathi kwamakhilomitha ayi-10 000 no-100,000 km.Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sikwenza ilungele ukuxhumana okungaphansi kwamanzi, njengoba amasignali e-Elf angangena emanzini ajulile olwandle, evumela ukuxhumana ngemikhumbi engaphansi kwamabanga aphansi.

Umdwebo 3: I-Elf Band

Njengoba kunikezwe i-wavelength enkulu, izimpondo ezijwayelekile kuzodingeka zibe zinkulu ukuze zisebenze ngempumelelo kulezi zinkulumo.Ukunqoba lokhu, kusetshenziselwa amasu akhethekile ukudlulisa amasiginali e-ELF.Ukufakwa okukhulu okusekelwe emhlabathini kuvame ukuqashwa, kuvame ukuhlanganisa amanethiwekhi abanzi amakhebuli nezinhlelo ezinkulu ze-antenna zasakazeka ngaphezulu kwamakhilomitha amaningi.Lokhu kusetha ku-Extered ukukhiqiza amandla aphambili kanye nezinkambu ezithile ze-electromagnetic ezidingekayo ukusakaza amagagasi e-ELF ngokuphumelelayo.

Ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwe-Elf Band kudinga ukuxhumana ngokucophelela nokunakekelwa.Amandla okuhambisa kumele akwazi ukuphathwa ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okucacile, naphezu kokusakazeka kancane kwesiginali nokuphazanyiswa kokuphazanyiswa kwezinto ezahlukahlukene ze-geophysical.Ama-opharetha kumele aqaphe ngokuqhubekayo futhi alungise uhlelo, acabangele i-v ariat ion ezimweni zezulu nangezinto ezingathinta ukucaciselwa ukucaca kanye nobubanzi.

I-SUPER LEFTRENCE FRECTECH (SLF) Band

I-Super Low Frequency (SLF) Band, esukela ku-30 ​​kuye ku-300 Hz ngama-wavelength aphakathi kwamakhiloshi ayi-1 000 no-10,000 km, igxile ekuxhumaneni okungaphansi komhlaba.Lawa ma-wavelength amade avumela amasiginali we-slf ukungena emanzini ajulile olwandle, abenze babe mathupha ezimweni lapho amafrikhwensi aphezulu engasebenzi.

Umdwebo 4: I-Super Low Frequency (SLF) Band

Kodwa-ke, i-SLF BAND inomkhawulo obalulekile - umkhawulokudonsa wayo omncane, ovimbela isivinini sesinemba kanye namazinga okuhambisa idatha.Ngakho-ke, ukuxhumana kwe-SLF kuvame ukusetshenziselwa imininingwane efunwa ngokwenkambiso.Leli bhendi lidingeka ngokukhethekile ezindaweni lapho ukuxhumana okuzinzile namanye amaza angenakukwazi ukumboza ngempumelelo (njengolwandle olujulile).

Ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwebhendi ye-SLF kubandakanya imishini ekhethekile nezinqubo eziqondile zobuchwepheshe.Isigineziso sesiginali sidinga izinhlelo ezinkulu ze-antenna noma amanethiwekhi anzulu emhlabathini aklanyelwe ukudlulisa kahle la mafrikhwensi aphansi.Ama-opharetha kufanele alawule ngokucophelela izilungiselelo zokuhambisa ukulwa nokusakazeka kwesiginali kancane futhi anciphise umthelela womsindo, ongahlanekezela ukuxhumana.

I-Ultra Low Frequency (Ulf) Band

I-band ephansi ye-UltraLeli bhendi lisetshenziselwa ukuxhumana ngezindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba nasezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba ezifana nezimayini, lapho izindlela zokuxhumana ezingaphezulu komhlaba zihluleka.

Umdwebo 5: I-Ulf Band

Ithuba eliyisisekelo lama-Ulf Frequencys yikhono labo lokungena ekujuleni emanzini nasemhlabeni, livumela ukuxhumana okuthembekile ezindaweni lapho amasiko aphezulu efinyelela lapho kufinyelela khona izimpawu eziphakeme.Lokhu kwenza lokhu kwenza amagagasi e-ULF abhekane neminye imisebenzi yezimboni nezempi, lapho ukugcinwa kokwethembeka kwesiginali ezimweni eziyinselele kugxilwe.

Ukusebenza nama-Ulf Frequency kudinga ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kanye namasu okusebenza aqondile.Imishini kumele yenzelwe ukuphatha amasignali aphansi, okuqinisekisa ukuthi zihlala zizinza amabanga amade.Ama-opharetha kufanele alawule ngokucophelela lokhu kuhambisa, ukuguqula amandla angaba khona kusuka emithonjeni yezemvelo noma yokufakelwa engahlakulela ikhwalithi yesiginali.

Ibhendi ephansi kakhulu yemvamisa (VLF)

I-band ephansi kakhulu yemvamisa (i-VLF), i-spanning 3 kuye ku-30 ​​Khz, idlala indima enkulu ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi wasemanzini, izinhlelo ze-geophysical ezifana ne-radar engenayo.Ngenkathi i-bandwidth ilinganiselwe futhi ama-wavelength amade, lezi zici zenza i-VLF band isebenze kahle ezinhlelweni ezikhethekile.

Ama-vlf imvamisa akwazi ukungena ngokuhlukile angena emanzini nasenhlabathini, okwenza balungele ukuxhumana nemikhumbi engaphansi komhlaba kanye nokuhlola izakhiwo ezingaphansi komhlaba.Ku-navigation, amasiginali we-VLF agxile ezinhlelweni zomsakazo ezinde eziqondisa imikhumbi nendiza ezindaweni lapho i-GPS ingatholakali.

Ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwe-VLF Band kudinga ukuphathwa okuqondile kokudluliselwa kwesiginali nokwamukela.Ama-opharetha kumele aguqule futhi alinganise imishini yokubhekana nezinselelo ezibangelwa ama-wavelength amade kanye nomkhawulokudonsa omncane.Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukulawula amandla wesiginali ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukungena ngokuningi kwama-mediums ajulile kanye namafriji ahlelekile ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka emithonjeni yemvelo neyenziwa.

Ibhendi ephansi ye-Low Frequency (LF)

Ibhendi ephansi ye-FrequencyIxhasa izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi amasistimu wokuhambisa, ukuthunyelwa kwesiginali yesikhathi sokuvumelanisa amawashi alawulwa ngumsakazo, kanye nokusakaza okude esetshenziswe kabanzi eYurophu nase-Asia.Ukuguquguquka kweqembu kugcizelela ukubaluleka kwayo kokubili ukuxhumana nokusakaza.

Ama-LF ama-frequency abhekwa ikakhulukazi amandla abo okuhamba amabanga amade ngokusakazeka kwe-Ground Wave, abenze balungele izinsiza zasemanzini nasezindaweni zokuhamba nge-aeronautical navigation.Leli ndla lamandla amade libuye lenze imvamisa ye-LF ilungele ukusakaza ezindaweni ezinkulu zendawo ngaphandle kokuncika kwingqalasizinda ye-satellite noma yekhebula.

Ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwe-LF Band kudinga ukuphathwa okuqondile kwamandla okuhambisa kanye nokucushwa kwe-antenna.Ama-opharetha kumele aqinisekise ukuthi amasiginali adluliswa ngempumelelo kumabanga amade ngenkathi enamathela kwimithetho yamanye amazwe ukuvikela ukuphazamiseka komngcele.Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kanye nokulungiswa kwemishini kugxile, njengoba izimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene zingathinta ukusakazeka kwesiginali.

Imvamisa ye-Medium (MF) Band

I-Medium Frequency (MF) Band, ukumboza ama-300 kHz kuya ku-3 MHz, kwaziwa kakhulu ngokubamba ibhendi yokusakaza ye-Medium Wave.Yize le ndlela yokusakaza yendabuko yehle ngokunyuka kobuchwepheshe bedijithali, i-MF band isalokhu iyadingeka ekuxhumaneni kwasolwandle kanye nomsakazo we-amateur, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingasebenzi kahle ngokwentuthuko yanamuhla.

Amandla ayisisekelo weqembu le-MF alele emandleni ayo okusekela ukuxhumana okude, ikakhulukazi ebusuku.Ngalesi sikhathi, amasiginali angahamba kude nge-Skywave Reflection off the ionosphere.Lokhu kunamandla kubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni zasemanzini, lapho ukuxhumana okuthembekile kugxile ekuphepheni nasekuzulazuleni.

Ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwe-MF Band kudinga ukukhethwa imvamisa ngokucophelela kanye namasu okuguqulwa okuqondile ukukhulisa ukufinyeleleka nokucaca.Ama-opharetha kumele abheke ngokuqhubekayo izimo zomoya, njengoba lokhu kuthinta kakhulu ukusakazeka kweSkywave.Ukulungisa amapharamitha wokuhambisa ngokuphendula ushintsho lwe-Ionorcheric luyisisekelo sokugcina ukuxhumana okusebenzayo.

Ibhendi ephezulu (HF) band

I-band ethe xaxa yemvamisa (HF), ukumboza ama-3 kuye kwangama-30 mhz, kugxile ekuxhumaneni okude komsakazo, kusebenzisa i-ionosphere ukuthola amasiginali amabanga aphesheya.Lokhu kukwenza okuhlukile kwenza i-HF Band iguquke kakhulu ekushintsheni kwezimo eziguqulwe ngumsebenzi welanga kanye ne-armospheric v ariat ions.

Ukuxhumana kwe-HF kuyinto eyisisekelo yezicelo ezidinga ukufinyelela kwamanye amazwe, njengezinsizakalo zokusakaza komhlaba, futhi zinkulu kakhulu ekuxhumaneni kwe-aeronautical, lapho ukwethenjwa okude kuyisidingo sokuphepha.Noma kukhuphuke ubuchwepheshe be-satellite, iqembu le-HF lihlala liyadingeka, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni ezinokufinyelela okulinganiselwe kwe-satellite noma lapho izixhumanisi zokuxhumana ezingafuneki zigxile ekusebenzeni okufunwayo.

Ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwe-HF Band kudinga ukuqonda okujulile kokuziphatha kwe-Ionospheric.Ama-opharetha kufanele alungise ngobuchule ama-frequency kanye namandla okudlulisela ukujwayela amashifu nsuku zonke nawesizini ku-ioosphere, eqinisekisa ukuxhumana okusebenzayo.Lokhu kubandakanya ukwenza ushintsho lwesikhathi sangempela ngokususelwa ekubhekeni okuqhubekayo kwezimo zomoya azogcina ukucaca kophawu nokwandisa ukufinyelela.

Imvamisa ephezulu kakhulu (i-vhf) band

Ibhendi ephezulu kakhulu (i-VHF) ye-Frequency (SPF) kuya ku-300 kuya ku-300 MHZ, isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuxhumana kwe-Line-of-of-line, ngezimpawu ezithintwe okuningi ngezimo ze-troposphere kune-ioosphere.Lokhu kwenza i-vhf band ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga izindlela ezicacile, eziqondile zokuhambisa, njengokusakazwa komsindo we-FM kanye ne-Digital kanye nokuhambisa ithelevishini, imisebenzi ye-Amateur Radio.

I-VHF BAND ithandeka kakhulu ngekhono layo lokuletha ukusakazwa okuthembekile, okuphezulu kakhulu kwevidiyo nevidiyo ezindaweni ezinkulu ngaphandle kwesidingo sengqalasizinda ebanzi evame ukufunwa.Futhi kuyingxenye yesibalo samanethiwekhi okuphepha womphakathi, kufaka phakathi amaphoyisa, umlilo, nezinsizakalo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo, lapho ukuxhumana okucacile nokwakheka khona masinyane kugxile.

Ukusebenza nge-VHF Band kudinga ukuthi abaqhubi baphathe ngekhono imishini yokudlulisela ukwandisa amandla esiginali futhi banciphise ukuphazamiseka.Lokhu kuvame ukubandakanya ukuqondanisa okuqondile nokubekwa kwezimpondo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxhumana kwe-line-sestion.Ukulungiswa kwezilungiselelo zokudlulisela izilungiselelo nokubekwa kwe-antenna kudingeka njalo ukuzivumelanisa nezinguquko zemvelo, njengezimo zezulu ezingathinta ukusakazeka kwesiginali.

I-Ultra High Frequency (UHF) Band

I-band ye-Ultra ephezulu kakhulu (i-UHF), isukela ku-300 kuye ku-3,000 MHz, ibalulekile ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zokuxhumana zesimanje ngenxa ye-bandwidth yayo ephezulu.Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekusakazweni kwethelevishini, i-Wi-Fi, kanye nokuxhumana okungenantambo okufushane.Umthamo we-UHF Band wokuhambisa umugqa we-Line-of-Senis wenza kube yinto eyisisekelo kuzinhlelo zanamuhla zokuxhumana ezingenantambo, ikakhulukazi kumanethiwekhi wefoni ephathekayo kanye ne-inthanethi yezicelo ze-Intanethi (IOT).

Imvamisa ephezulu ye-UHF Band ivumela ukuhanjiswa okusheshayo kwamanani amakhulu emininingwane amabanga amafushane, okwenza kube yibaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi zasemadolobheni lapho ukudluliswa kwedatha okusheshayo nokuxhunyaniswa okuthembekile kugxilwe.Leli nani lifuna izimfuno eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-IOTSTESMS ye-IOT, lapho amadivaysi kufanele axhumane khona ngokushesha nangendlela efanele.

Ama-opharetha asebenza ngokudluliselwa kwe-UHF kumele athinte ukuzwela kwebhendi ekuvinjelweni okungokomzimba kanye nezimo zomoya, ezingathinta ukucaciswa kwesiginali nobubanzi.Lokhu kudinga ukubekwa ngokucophelela kanye nokugcinwa okuqhubekayo kwezimpondo ukuze uthuthukise ukumboza nokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka, kudinga ubuchwepheshe obuqondile bezobuchwepheshe kanye nokulungiswa okujwayelekile.

I-Super High Frequency (SHF) Band

I-SUPER FRESTERENCEENT FREENTERENCEENT (SHF) Band, Spyning 3 GHZ kuya ku-30 ​​GHZ, iyingxenye eyisisekelo ye-microwave spectrum futhi ibalulekile ebuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene bokuxhumana, njengezingcingo eziphathwayo kanye nama-lans angenantambo.I-bandwidth enkulu etholakala kuleli bhendi inika amandla ukudluliswa kwedatha okusheshayo, okwenza kugxile ekushintsheni okusheshayo kwemininingwane kuMhlaba wanamuhla wedijithali.

I-SHF BAND ilungele kahle ukuphatha ukuxhumana okuphezulu kwe-inthanethi, izinsizakalo zokusakaza, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuxhumana kuzo zombili izilungiselelo zezohwebo nakukho.Ibanga layo lemvamisa lilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukudluliswa kwedatha eminyene ngaphezulu kwamabanga amafushane, futhi kusetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphatheni kwe-satellite, lapho ama-bandwidth abanzi adingeka khona ukuze kusakazwe ividiyo ye-HD.

Ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwe-bhendi ye-shf kudinga ukucaciswa kwe-antenna design nokubekwa ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisa okucacile kokubona-kokubona nokunciphisa ukulahleka kwesiginali, okubizwa kakhulu ngalezi zinkulungwane eziphakeme.Ochwepheshe nonjiniyela kumele baqaphe njalo futhi balungise izilungiselelo zohlelo ukuze balondoloze ubuqotho besiginali futhi banciphise ama-latency, aqinisekisa ukuthi amanethiwekhi enza ngokuthembekile nangokungaguquki.

Imvamisa ephezulu kakhulu (ehf) band

Ibhendi ephezulu kakhulu ye-Ehf imvamisa, i-spanning 30 kuye ku-300 ghz futhi eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-millimeter wave band, iveza izinselelo ezibalulekile ngenxa yamagagasi ayo amafushane kakhulu.Lezi zinselelo zifaka ukukhiqizwa okuqondile kwezakhi nokuphathwa kokucophelela kwesiginali ukugwema ukulahleka nokuwohloka okuvame kakhulu kulezi zinkulungwane.

Ngaphandle kwalezi zingqinamba zobuchwepheshe, intuthuko yakamuva ku-semiconductor kanye nobuchwepheshe be-antenna benze i-EHF band ifinyeleleke futhi ibaluleke kakhulu ekuxhumaneni ngejubane eliphezulu.Leli banga lokuvama manje selifunwa ubuchwepheshe obufana namanethiwekhi weselula le-5G, amasistimu we-radar afudumele aphezulu, kanye nezixhumanisi ezingenantambo ze-point-to-point-to-point.

Ukusebenza ne-EHF Band kudinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela imininingwane kumiklamo yemishini nokuthunyelwa.

Imvamisa ephezulu kakhulu (thf) band

I-band ephakeme kakhulu ye-frequencyLeli bhendi libonisa imvamisa ephezulu kakhulu kanye nama-wavelength amafushane we-ultra, anikela ngempumelelo okungenzeka ngejubane lokudlulisela idatha kanye nomkhawulokudonsa.

Inqubekela phambili kubuchwepheshe be-THF iqhutshwa ngocwaningo oluqhubekayo ezintweni zokwakha namadivayisi akwazi ukukhiqiza kahle, adlulise futhi athole amasiginali we-THF.Ukusungulwa kwe-nanotechnology kanye ne-Photonics kusephambili, ukubhekana nezinselelo ezibalulekile zokusebenza amaza aphezulu, kufaka phakathi i-attenciation yesiginali kanye nesidingo se-hardware miniaturization.

Ukusebenza nge-THF Band kudinga imishini ekhethekile kakhulu kanye namasu aqondile okusebenza.Onjiniyela nochwepheshe kumele babe nokuqonda okujulile kokuziphatha kwe-electromagnetic kulezi zinkulumo ukuphatha nokunciphisa izinselelo ezinjengomsindo we-thermal kanye nokumuncwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, okubizwa kakhulu ngokuningiliselwa kwa-THZ.

Ukusebenzisa amasistimu asuselwa ku-THF kubandakanya ukulinganisa okuyinkimbinkimbi nokuhlolwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izakhi zenza ngokuthembekile ngaphansi kwezimo ezifunwayo.Ukuqapha kwangempela kokuqapha nokuguqulwa kwezinto eziguqukayo kudingeka ukugcina ubuqotho bohlelo nokusebenza.Lo msebenzi ucela izinga eliphakeme lobuchwepheshe elihlanganisa ulwazi lwethiyori ngolwazi lwezandla kuzinhlelo zokuxhumana ezivame kakhulu.

Iziphetho

Isimo esiyinkimbinkimbi seRadio Spectrum siyisisekelo sendwangu yezinhlelo zokuxhumana zomhlaba wonke, zinomthelela omkhulu konke kusuka ekuxhumaneni komsakazo okuyisisekelo ukunciphisa ukuxhumana kwedijithali.Ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe kwama-band frequency kusuka ku-ELF kuya ku-thf kwembula ukuxhumeka okuyinkimbinkimbi kwamakhono obuchwepheshe, izinselelo zokusebenza, nezinhlelo zokusebenza zamasu.Izakhiwo ngazinye zebhendi ezihlukile zibonisa ukufaneleka kwayo kwemisebenzi ethile, noma ngabe kuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuthembekile ngemikhumbi engaphansi komhlaba noma ukwenza lula ukudluliselwa kwedatha ye-Ultra-high-high-high-high ngezindawo eziminyene zasemadolobheni.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlaka ezivelayo zokulawula kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe zihlala zichaza kabusha amandla nokusebenza kwalezi zinhlamvu.Njengoba sithuthuka, i-Radio Spectrum izodlala indima eyisisekelo ekuphathweni kwezinto ezintsha kubuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana, ukusekela hhayi ingqalasizinda ekhona kuphela kodwa futhi nokusebenza okuzayo okungenzeka kube yisikhathi esilandelayo sokuziphendukela kwemvelo.Lokhu kuziphendukela kwemvelo okuqhubekayo, okuqhutshwa yizo zombili izidingo kanye nokwenziwa okusha, kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-radio spectrum ihlala isengaphambili kwezobuchwepheshe, ivumelane nokuhlangabezana nezidingo ezikhule njalo zokuxhumana komhlaba kanye nokushintshana ngolwazi.