Ukusuka emcabangweni kuyazijwayeza: Sebenzisa ama-zener diodes ngokuvikelwa okuthembekile kwe-overvoltage
2024-05-15 9317

I-Zener Diades, yathuthukiswa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 nge-American Physistist Clarence Melvin Zener ngemuva kwe-PHD yakhe eHarvard University ngo-1930, imake ukuthuthuka okubalulekile ezingxenyeni ze-elekthronikhi.Lo mbhalo unikeza izici ezithile zalezi zinto ezidayisayo, ezidonswa kakhulu ukudala izifunda ezinciphile kakhulu lapho amasimu kagesi aqinile akhona.Lapho le nkambu ifinyelela kumandla kagesi we-didedown, ongaba ngaphansi kwama-5v wokuqhekeka kwe-zener noma ngaphezulu kwe-5V ngokuqhekeka kwe-avalanche, iqinile ngokwanele ukukhipha ama-elektroni ama-athomu abo, akhiqize ugesi wamanje.Lokhu kutholwa kunikeze indlela entsha yokulawula ama-circuits e-elekthronikhi, asuka ku-voltage kagesi kusuka ngaphansi kwe-1V kuya kwa-250V, ngokubekezelelana phakathi kwe-1% no-20%, lula ukunemba kwemiklamo ye-elekthronikhi.

Namabhuku

Umdwebo 1: Zener Diode kwi-PCB yangempela

Yini i-zener diode?

Ama-zener diodes asebenzisa ngokunenzuzo izici zokuqhekeka kwe-PN Junction lapho zibuyela emuva - ziba neqhaza elikhulu ekulondolozeni ukuqina kwama-voltages abo esibhedlela lapho kuguquguquka njengamanje.I-voltage ye-didode yonke ihlala ihlala ingasebenzi futhi ingathinteki nganoma iyiphi i-v ariat ion ku-voltage yokufaka.Lokhu kuzinza kuwusizo kumiklamo yesifunda ye-elekthronikhi yokulwa nezinguquko ku-voltage yesekethe okungahle kube nomphumela ekuguquguqukeni kokuhlinzekwa kwamandla noma ukuphazamiseka okufanayo.Ngokuthumela ama-zener diodes emasu anamasu, abaqambi bangazinza ngokuthembekile imithwalo yonke emithanjeni, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaguquki kwezinto ze-elekthronikhi.Lo msebenzi oqondile kodwa oyinkimbinkimbi we-zener diodees ubenze babe yingxenye ebalulekile yenxenye yesilinganiso sanamuhla, lula ukulawula okuqondile kwamandla kagesi kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuthembeka okuphelele kwezinhlelo zikagesi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uphawu kagesi lwe-zener diode luhlukile kuphawu olujwayelekile lwe-dide.Emibhadweni yesiSekethe, ama-diode ajwayelekile, anjengezimpawu zama-diode noma ama-power diodes, aboniswa ngezimpawu ezijwayelekile ezihlukile kulawo asetshenziselwa ama-zener diodes.

Umdwebo 2: I-Diode ejwayelekile

Umdwebo 3: Zener Diode

Uma kukhulunywa nge-zener diodees eyenzelwe ngqo ukucindezelwa kwe-voltage (ama-TV) ngokukhethekile, lokhu kuvame ukuhlanganiswa kudivayisi eyodwa.Le divayisi yokuhlanganisa imelwe ku-schematics ngophawu oluhlukile oluhlukanisa ngolwazi oluvela ku-zener ye-zener nezinye izinhlobo zama-diode.Lolu phawu olukhethekile lusiza ochwepheshe nonjiniyela bakholi ngokushesha umsebenzi wedivayisi nezimpawu zomjikelezo, ukuqinisekisa ukwakheka okunembile futhi okusebenzayo kanye nokuxazulula inkinga.

Umdwebo 4: Inhlanganisela yama-TV TV ZENER Diades

Amanani ajwayelekile we-ZENER DIODE nezinombolo zengxenye

Lapho ukhetha i-zener dide, kubalulekile ukukhetha eyodwa ngesilinganiso se-voltage ehambelana nezidingo zesifunda sakho ukuze kuqinisekiswe umthetho ophumelelayo we-voltage kanye nokuvikelwa.Nakhu ukwehla kwama-diode asetshenziswa kakhulu ze-zener, izinhlelo zawo ezijwayelekile, nezinombolo ezithile.

3.3v 1n5226

Ilungele ukuqina kwamandla kagesi ku-3.3V Logic Circuits, okuvame ukutholakala kuma-micrococtollers kanye nama-processors e-Digital Signals (DSP).Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaguquki ngokugcina i-voltage efanele yokusebenza.

5.1v 1n5231

Isetshenziswa kaningi ku-5V Digital Digital and Logic Circuits, le Diode ilungele i-TTL ejwayelekile ye-TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic) kanye nama-CMO (ahambisana nensimbi-oxide-semiconductor).Inikeza umthetho ophansi we-voltage, ukuvikela izakhi ezibucayi kagesi ekuguquguqukeni kwamandla kagesi.

Umdwebo 5: 1n5231 zener diode ukukalwa

I-6.8V 1n5235

Le Diode yenzelwe amasekethe we-analog asebenza kancane ngenhla ngaphezulu kwe-5V, enikeza ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe kwezinzwa ezikhethekile noma ama-mogic andala ama-ICS (amasekethe ahlanganisiwe) adinga i-buffer ku-voltage ukuze asebenze ngokuphepha nangempumelelo.

9.1v 1n5239

Ilungele amadivayisi webhethri angama-9V anikwe amandla, anjengama-amplifiers aphathekayo noma amamojula angenantambo.Kuqinisekisa ukuthi la madivaysi athola ukulethwa kwamandla okuzinzile, okwenza ngcono ukuweliseka kwawo kanye nokwethembeka.

11.0v 1n5241

Ilungele amasekethe adinga ama-voltage kancane ngaphezu kwamazinga ajwayelekile ajwayelekile, kufaka phakathi amasekethe athile we-analog.Inikeza nokuvikelwa ngokweqile kwezinhlelo ze-12V, okwenza kuguquguquke ngohlobo lwezicelo.

13.0v 1n5243

Isetshenziswa amasistimu wokuhlinzeka ngogesi we-12V, ikakhulukazi kuma-elekthronikhi wezimoto noma izinhlelo zokulawula izimboni.Inikeza ukuvikela okuqinile okunamandla, ukuvikela ngokumelene nama-voltage spikes angalimaza uhlelo.

15.0v 1n5245

Le Diode isetshenziswa lapho ukuqina kwamandla kagesi kudingekile, njengokuhlinzekwa kwamandla kwamandla kwama-amplifiers okusebenza noma njengokuvikelwa okuyisisekelo ezinhlelweni ze-elekthronikhi ezinamazinga aphezulu e-voltational Voltage amazinga.

Ukusebenza komgomo we-zener diode

I-ZENER DIODE isebenza ngemigomo ehlukile kuma-demonductor diodes ajwayelekile ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esiyingqayizivele somzimba, enesikhafu esindayo.Le doping iphumela esifundeni esincipha ngokweqile ngokweqile, okwenza insimu kagesi ibe yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nalokho ema-diode ajwayelekile.

Lapho i-zener didiode ibuyela emuva, insimu kagesi eqinile ngaphakathi kwendawo yayo emincane yokuqeda ingavuselela ngokuqondile ama-elektroni e-telence ebhendi e-conduction ku-voltage ethize eyaziwa ngokuthi i-zuner voltage.Lokhu kuvuselelwa okuqondile kuholela ekuqhekekeni kwe-zener, into ehlukile ekuqhekekeni kwe-avalanche ngokuvamile ibonwa ngama-diode adopiwe kakhulu.Ekuqhekekeni kwe-avalanche, isifunda esidayisayo sandla ngaphansi kokubandlulula emuva kuze kube yilapho amandla abuyela emuva aphezulu ngokwanele ukuba anikeze amandla abathwali abambalwa.Lezi zithwali zithola amandla anele okuhlangana nama-lattice ion, ukukhulula ama-elektroni amaningi futhi kususe ukusabela kwe-chain okukhuphuka kakhulu.

Umdwebo 6: Zener Diode Phambili

Umdwebo 7: Isimiso seZener Diode Sokuvikelwa Kokuvikelwa Kwama-Overvoltage

Ukwehlukaniswa kwe-zener, nokho, ngokuyinhloko kuvela ekukhuleni kwe-quantum okubangelwa inkambu kagesi kakhulu, kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba kuhlangatshezwane nemibandela yokuphuka kwe-avalanche.Lo mehluko obucayi uvumela i-zener didiode ukuba ilondoloze i-voltage ezinzile kuwo wonke ama-terminals aso ekubeni khona kwamazinga ahlukahlukene ahlukahlukene, isici esibalulekile esinikezwe ekwakheni isifunda sokuzinza kwe-voltage ukuqina.

Umdwebo 8: Zener Diode Zener kanye Novalo Breakdown Umdwebo

Umdwebo 9: Umdwebo we-Schematic wokuphuka kwe-avalanche we-zener diode

Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo, ama-zener diode aklanyelwe ukusebenzisa noma yikuphi ukuqhekeka kwe-zener noma ukuwohloka kwe-avalanche, kuya nge-zener voltage yabo.I-Dianes enama-voltages aseZener aphansi, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwe-6V, ngokuyinhloko ihlukaniswe nge-zener, ibenze balungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuqina kwe-voltage ngama-voltage aphansi.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-diode anama-voltages aphezulu we-zener, ngaphezulu kwe-6V, maningi amathuba okuthola ukwephuka kwe-avalanche, efanelekile ukuphathwa amabanga aphezulu e-voltage.Lokhu kuguquguquka kuvumela i-zener dianes ukuthi isetshenziswe kwi-spectrum ebanzi yezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-elekthronikhi, iqinisekisa ukulawulwa kwamandla kagesi okuthembekile kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuvumelana okuqhubekayo kwemibuthano ye-elekthronikhi.

Umehluko phakathi kwe-zener diode ne-diode yesiginali

I-Zener Diodes kanye ne-Signal Diades amadivaysi e-semiconductor asetshenziswa emibuthanweni ye-elekthronikhi, kepha ahlukile kakhulu ekusebenzeni nasekwakhekeni, ikakhulukazi lapho eshintsha.

Umdwebo 10: ZENER DIODE VS.Isiginali Diode

Zener diodes-- voltage ukuqina nokuvikelwa

Lawa madivaysi enziwe ngokuqondile ukuphatha izimo zokuhlola emuva ngokudonsa kanzima kwezinto ezisindayo ze-semiconductor.Leli zinga eliphakeme le-doping linciphisa ububanzi be-PN Junction, kuqiniswa inkambu kagesi esifundeni sokudangala.Ngenxa yalokhu, lapho i-voltage eguqukayo ifinyelela i-zener breakdown voltage (VZ), i-zener diode ivumela okwamanje ukugeleza ohlangothini olubuyela emuva ngaphandle komonakalo.Lesi sici sibaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo ezinjengokulawulwa kwamandla kagesi kanye nokuvikelwa ngokweqile, lapho kugcinwa khona amandla aqinile noma okuvikela izingxenye ezibucayi.Isibonelo, esimweni se-voltage Result Scenario, lapho i-voltage kagesi idlula i-zener voltage, i-zener didoude isebenze, yenza i-voltage yamanje futhi ilizwe amandla okuvimbela ukuguquguquka kwama-elektroniki.

I-Signal Diodes - Ukusebenza kahle kwesiginali kanye nokulungiswa kabusha

NgokuphambeneImvamisa, bavumela okuncane kakhulu kwamanje ukugeleza lapho kubuyiselwa emuva - kuvame ukuba nama-nanoampers ama-micrompamples-anganakwa izicelo eziningi.Kodwa-ke, lezi zinto ezididiye zingalinyazwa uma i-voltage eguqukayo idlula i-voltage yazo yokuqhekeka, okuholela emibukeni evulekile noma emifushane.Izicelo zabo eziyinhloko zifaka ukwakheka kwesiginali, ukushintshanisa, kanye nokulungiswa kwamandla aphansi, lapho kudingeka khona isivumelwano esidingekayo, bese ukubuyisela imali yamanje yamanje ukuze incishiswe ukuvikela ukuphazanyiswa.

Ngenkathi zombili i-zener ne-signal dianees zivumela ukugeleza kwamanje kusuka ku-anode kuya e-cathode lapho kudluliswa phambili - ukuziphatha kwabo okucwaningayo, izindlela zabo zokuhlehla zonakalisiwe zinakekela izidingo ezihlukile.I-Zener Diodes ibaluleke kakhulu emisipha lapho ugesi lapho kudinga ukulawulwa khona noma lapho izingxenye zidinga ukuvikelwa kuma-voltage spikes.Amandla abo okuziphatha ngokubuyela emuva ngaphandle komonakalo ahlukile futhi ebalulekile kuleyo ndizo enjalo yokuvikela.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-signal diode excer kwizicelo ezidinga ukuthuthukiswa kwamanje kwakhona ngokuhlukaniswa okuqinile ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa okubusayo ngesikhathi sokubuyela emuva.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-zener diode ne-dinges yesiginali hinges kwizidingo ezithile zesicelo sokuzinza kanye nokuvikelwa kokuphathwa kwesiginali kwangaphambili, okusebenzayo, kanye nokulungiswa kokugcina.Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-diode lunikeza izinzuzo ezenza ukuthi zilungele izindima ezihlukile ekuklameni nasekusetshenzisweni kwesifunda.

Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwe-Zener Overvoltage Protection Circuit (OVP)

Izinzuzo

Okokuqala, umjikelezo wokuvikelwa we-zener overvoltage oqondile ngokuqondile, oqukethe ngokuyinhloko ye-zener didiode ebhangqiwe enochungechunge lokuthula.Lo mklamo we-minimalistic usiza ukuhlanganiswa okulula kuma-setups ahlukahlukene kagesi, okwenza kwafinyeleleka ngisho nakulabo abanamakhono ayisisekelo wezobuchwepheshe.Kulula futhi ukulondolozwa ngenxa yezakhi ezimbalwa ezibandakanyekile.

Okulandelayo, usebenzisa ama-zener diodes wokuvikelwa ngokweqile kwezomnotho.Zombili izifo zazo kanye nezinto ezihambisana nazo azibizi futhi zitholakala kabanzi.Lokhu kwenza i-zener didiode ijikeleze inketho ekhangayo yokulawula i-voltage ephumelelayo ngaphandle kokutshala imali okubalulekile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-zener diode aklanyelwe ukunikela ngokukhipha okuzinzile ku-voltage yawo ebekiwe.Lokhu kuzinza kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ama-voltage kumazinga aphephile, kuqinisekiswe ukuvikelwa okuthembekile ekulweni nama-voltage spikes angenza ngenye indlela ezwela.

Okubi

Ukubuyiselwa okukodwa okubalulekile ukuthambekela kwesekethe ukuqeda amandla amaningi ngesikhathi sokusebenza.Njengoba i-zener didoode isebenze ukubopha amandla kagesi, iphinde ivumele okwamanje ukuthi idlule, ekhiqiza ukushisa ngenxa yokumelana.Lokhu kushisa empeleni kuchithe amandla, kubeka inselelo izinhlelo ezibucayi.

Ngemuva kwalokho, ukushisa okukhiqizwe yi-zener diode lapho kwenziwa kungaholela emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ngaphakathi komjikelezo.Ukusebenzisa izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokupholisa, ezinjengokucwila okushisa noma abalandeli, kungahle kudingeke ukuqeda ukushisa kahle futhi kugcina amazinga okushisa aphephile.

Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi i-zener diodes idlula emthethweni weVoltage, ayinikezi ngokwemvelo ukuvikela okuqinile.Ukuvikela ngokulwa nemijikelezo eyeqile okungenzeka ngesikhathi sezimo zephutha, kuvame ukuba kubalulekile ukubopha ama-zener diodes nezinye izingxenye zokuzivikela ezinjengemfucumfucu noma ama-breaker aqhekekayo, angakwazi ukubhekana nokwakhiwa kwesifunda bese engeza izindleko.

Umsebenzi we-zener diode

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wesifunda sokuvikelwa ngokweqile ukuqhubeka ngokubheka ugesi wesifunda futhi uphendule ngokushesha uma kudlula umkhawulo wokuphepha, ngaleyo ndlela kuvinjelwe ukulimala okungaba khona kwezinto ze-elekthronikhi.I-Zener Diodes idlala le ndima futhi, ngoba ingakwazi ukugcina i-conferact ezinzile ku-voltage ethile yokuqhekeka emuva emuva ngenkathi ikhombisa ukumelana okuphezulu ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokusebenza, iqinisekise ukuthi ayiphazamisi ukusebenza okufanele kwesifunda.

Okokuqala, bonisa i-voltage ejwayelekile yokusebenza kanye nomkhawulo ophezulu we-voltage ongalimaza izingxenye zesifunda.Khetha i-zener diode nge-zener voltage kancane ngaphezulu kwe-voltage ejwayelekile yokusebenza kepha ngaphansi komkhawulo ophezulu we-voltage.Lokhu kusethwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-didode isebenze ukwenza ugesi kuphela lapho i-voltage idlula uhla olujwayelekile, ngaleyo ndlela luvikeleke ekunqandeni ngokweqile.

Okwesibili, hlanganisa i-zener ekhethiwe ekhethiwe esifundeni ngokufana nengxenye esenzelwe ukuvikela.Ukubekwa okunembile kuyadingeka njengoba kuvumela i-dide ibe yi-vount ethe xaxa kude nengxenye ebucayi.Faka umkhawulo wamanje wokumelana nochungechunge ne-zener diode.Inhloso yalomsindo ukulawula ukuhamba kwamanje nge-didode lapho kusebenza, ukuvikela ukulimala ngenxa yokuthola okwedlulele kwamanje nokuqinisekisa umjikelezo uhlala uzinzile futhi ephephile ngaphansi kwezimo ezivelele.

Isibonelo esisebenzayo

Cabanga ngesifunda esenzelwe ukukalwa komsindo okuthuthukile.Lapha, i-zener diode ibekwa ngemuva kokuhlinzekwa kwamandla okuthe xaxa komsindo, nge-voltage ye-breakdown kumandla ajwayelekile wokuhlinzekwa kokuphatha noma yikuphi ukuguquguquka.I-ZENER Diode isebenza ukuze ithole ama-voltage spikes futhi iqinise ukumiswa kwamandla okukhishwa kwimibuthano eyalandela.Ukuphikiswa okubalwa ngokucophelela okubalwa kusetshenziselwa ukuvikela i-zener didiode ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukahlukene zomthwalo futhi kuqinisekiswe okuphumayo kwe-voltage.

Ukuphatha amasiginali womsindo, faka i-capacitor yokuvimba ye-DC ukuhlunga izakhi ze-DC futhi uvumele kuphela isibonakaliso somsindo we-AC ngokusebenzisa, ukuqinisekiswa ukuthi kukhululekile ekuphazanyisweni kwe-DC.Isiginali yomsindo sese-Umsindo sisuswe kusetshenziswa i-amplifier yomsindo ophansi futhi mhlawumbe ngokumelelwa kwezinga eliphakeme ukuqinisa isinali ngaphandle kokushintsha ubuqotho bayo.Lesi siginali bese sidluliswa ngophawu lwe-bandpass elisethwe phakathi kwe-1Khz ne-3Khz ukuze lihlukanise futhi lilinganise umsindo kuphela ngaphakathi kwebanga lemvamisa, ngaleyo ndlela liqinisekise ukunemba kokutholwa nokulinganiswa.

Ekugcineni, isiginali ilinganiswe kusetshenziswa i-RMS Volmeter yangempela, enikeza ukunemba okuphezulu nokuqina.Ngokukhetha ngokucophelela i-zener voltage futhi ulungiselele umkhawulo we-waver-liming yokuvimbela, i-zener diode steprevoltage evikayo ihlinzeka ngesixazululo esinamandla sokuvikela imishini ye-elekthronikhi kusuka emicimbini engalindelekile yamandla aphezulu, ngaleyo ndlela iqinisekise ukuqina nokusebenza okuzinzile kwamadivayisi we-elekthronikhi.

Umdwebo 11: I-ZENER DIDOOD esetshenziswa kumjikelezo wokulinganisa we-Noise density

Ungayivikela kanjani amasekethe ekujuleni ngokweqile?

Ukuvikela izingxenye ezibucayi ze-elekthronikhi, njenge-miccontocrollers, kusuka kuma-voltages ngokweqile kubalulekile ekwakhiweni kwesifunda.Imvamisa, ama-microcontroller i / o izikhonkwane zinokubekezelelana okuphezulu kwe-voltage - imvamisa i-5V.Edlula le mikhawulo engozini ukulimaza i-microcontroller.Indlela esebenzayo yokuvikela lezi zingxenye ifaka ukwakha umjikelezo we-stovervoltage (OppP) esebenzisa ama-zener diode.

Ngomjikelezo lapho i-voltage ejwayelekile yokusebenza iseduze ne-5V, i-zener diode ene-vool ephakeme kancane, njenge-5.1V, ilungile.Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile (ama-voltages angezansi 5.1v), i-zener diode ihlala ingekho futhi ayiphazamisi ukusebenza komjikelezo.Lapho i-voltage yokufaka idlula i-5.1v, i-zener didoode isebenze, yenza amanje futhi ukubopha amandla kagesi cishe ku-5.1v ukuvikela noma yimuphi umonakalo wezinto eziseduze.

Ukuze uqinisekise ukwakheka, ukulingisa isekethe ye-OVP usebenzisa isoftware yesinongo, njenge-CAADEN PSPICE.Setha ukumbumbuluzwa nge-voltage Source (V1), umkhawulo wamanje wokumelana (R1), kanye ne-zener diode (D2).Kulesi simo, thatha i-6.8v zener diode (e.g., 1N4099) ukuze ihlolwe.Uma i-voltage ye-v1 idlula i-6.8V, ukumbumbuluzwa kufanele kubonise ukuthi i-voltage voltage ikhawulelwe ngempumelelo cishe ku-6.8V noma ngaphansi, iqinisekisa amandla okuvikela i-didoode.

Nge-voltage yokufaka ye-6V, umphumela kufanele uhlale uzinzile futhi usondele kokufaka, okukhombisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile.Ku-6.8V, okuphumayo kufanele kuhambisane kancane ngaphansi komoya we-zener, okukhombisa ukuzibandakanya kwe-dideode kanye nokuqina kwamandla kagesi.Ngokwengeza okokufaka ku-7.5v (isimo esivelayo), umphumela kufanele uhlale kakhulu ngaphansi kokufakwa, cishe ngo-6.883v, okubonisa ukuvikelwa okusebenzayo ekuboneni ngokweqile.Ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile ze-Circuit, zener Diaches ezinama-voltages ahlukahlukene ahlukaniswe njenge-3.3V, 5.1V, 9.1V, noma i-10.2V zingakhethwa.Lokhu kuguquguquka kuvumela abaklami ukuthi basebenzise ukuvikeleka okuphezulu kwezidingo eziqondile zohlelo lokusebenza, baqinisekisa ukuvikelwa okuphezulu.

Ngokukhetha ngokucophelela i-zener diode efanelekile futhi ngokunembile ukunciphisa ngokunembile ngokuziphatha kwayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukahlukene zamandla kagesi, abaqambi bangaqinisekisa ukuvikelwa okuqinile okunamandla.Le ndlela ayivimbi nje kuphela ukulimala kwezakhi zesekethe zesekethe kodwa futhi ithuthukisa ukuthembeka okuphelele kanye nokusebenza kwamadivayisi kagesi.

Umdwebo 12: I-Zener Diode Circuit DIADRAM

Ungayikhetha Kanjani I-Pener Diode Efanelekile Ye-Zener Efanelekile?

Ukukhetha i-zener diode esebenzayo yokuvikelwa ngokweqile kudinga izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezibucayi zokuqinisekisa ukujikeleza kusebenza ngokuphepha nangendlela efanele ngaphansi kwazo zonke izimo.

Thola i-ZENER VOLTAGE efanele

Khomba i-voltage ephezulu umjikelezo okufanele uyiphathe.Isibonelo, uma ukwakheka kucacisa ukuthi i-voltage akufanele yedlule i-6.8V, i-zener diode ene-voltage kagesi ka-6.8V ingahle ibe kahle.

Uma umdlalo oqondile we-zener voltage edingekayo ayitholakali, khetha inani eliphakeme kakhulu eliphakeme kakhulu.Isibonelo, ukuvikela ukubhekelwa phansi okuphezulu njenge-7V, i-6.8V ZENER DIOD kungaba ukulinganiselwa okufanele, ukubopha amavoti ngokushesha ngaphansi komkhawulo omkhulu.

Bala umthwalo no-bias wamanje

Qala ngokubala okwamanje okuzogeleza ngomthwalo;Ake sithi kungu-50mma.Ngeza i-Bias yamanje edingekayo ekusebenzeni kwe-zener dideide kulesi sibalo.Uma i-zener didoode idinga ukuthi i-bias yamanje ye-10mA, isidingo esiphelele saba yi-60ma (50ma umthwalo wamanje we-Plus 10ma BIAS 10A BIAS 10A BIAS WASTRAME).

Nquma isilinganiso samandla se-zener diode

Bala ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla usebenzisa i-zener voltage kanye nenani lamanje.Ngomthamo we-zener we-6.8V kanye nengqikithi yamanje ye-60mA, ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla kungabalwa njengo-6.8V x 0.060a = 0.408 Watts.Khetha i-zener diode ngesilinganiso samandla aphezulu kunenani elibaliwe lokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka nokuphepha.I-dioder enokulinganisa okungama-500mw izohlinzeka ngomugqa olwanele.

Khomba inani le-resistor ekhawulelwe yamanje

Thola ukuthi umjikelezo omkhulu ungahle ubone, usho ku-13V.Bala ukwehla kwamandla kagesi kuwo wonke umphikisi, okuwumehluko phakathi kwe-voltage yomthombo kanye ne-zener voltage: 13V - 6.8V = 6.2v.Usebenzisa umthetho ka-Ohm, uhlanganisa inani lokumelana elidingekayo: I-Voltage Drop / Total yamanje = 6.2V / 0.060a ≈ 103ω.Ungakugoqa lokhu kunani elijwayelekile lokumelana njenge-100ω ngezinhloso ezisebenzayo.

Indlela yokutholwa ye-zener diode

Ukuhlonza ubumbano lweZener Diodes, umuntu angaqala ngokuhlola ukubukeka kwawo.I-Zener-Encopsed Yener Dianes evame ukuhlukanisa ubumbano ngesimo sobuso babo bokuphela: ukuphela okuyisicaba kukhombisa i-electrode enhle, ngenkathi ukuphela kwemishini kuphawula i-electrode engemihle.Ngezinhlobo ze-zener ze-zener ezifakwe epulasitiki, funa uphawu lombala kwisiginali esingesihle, unikeza umhlahlandlela obonakalayo osheshayo we-polarity.

Ngendlela eqondile, usebenzisa i-multimeter isethwe ekuhlolweni kwe-dide noma ukulungiswa okuphansi okuphansi, njenge-Rx1k, kuyasebenza.Xhuma ama-multimeter ama-diode-munye ku-terminal ngayinye.Qaphela ukumelana okubonisiwe, bese ushintshana ngezinketho futhi ulinganise futhi.Ukusetha okubonisa ukumelana okuphansi kuzoba nokuphenya okumnyama kokuhle nobomvu ku-terminal engemihle.Ukuphikiswa okuphezulu kakhulu noma okuphansi kakhulu kuzo zombili izilinganiso kungakhombisa ukuthi i-dide ilimele futhi ingasebenzi kahle.

Umdwebo 13: Zener Diodes

Lapho ulinganisa inani le-voltage Regulation Value ye-ZENER DIOD, usebenzisa i-DC Power Supply eguquguqukayo ye-DC iyalulekwa.OkweZener Diades Kukalwe ngezansi kwe-13V, setha amandla okufika ku-15v.Xhuma i-diode echungechungeni nge-1.5k bbonise yokuphikisana naviving phakathi kwe-cathode nokukhishwa okuhle kokunikezwa kwamandla, kanye ne-anode kokukhipha okungalungile.Ukukala i-voltage i-didode usebenzisa i-multimeter;Inani elibonisiwe lizoba yinani le-vooltage's Voltage Regulation.

Umdwebo 14: Izimo ze-ZENER ZENDER ezijwayelekile

OkweZener Diades nge amanani alawulwa ngenhla kwe-15v, kwandise ukuphuma kwamandla okunikezwa ngaphezulu kwe-20V ukuqinisekisa ukukalwa okunembile.Ngenye indlela, kuma-zener e-zener aphezulu, i-megohmmeter ekwazi ukuletha kuze kube yi-1000V ingasetshenziswa.Xhuma okuhle kwe-Megohmmeter ukuhola okuhle kwi-diliode engemihle ye-dide kanye nokuhola okungalungile ku-terminal enhle.Jikelezisa isibambo sika-Megophmmeter ngejubane elingaguquki bese ufunda i-voltage kuyo yonke i-diode usebenzisa i-multimeter kuze kube yilapho iqina kumandla alawulwa yi-dide's.

Uma ukuguquguquka noma ukungazinzi kwenani le-voltage kubhekwa ngenkathi kuhlolwa, kungakhombisa ukuthi i-didode ingenza ngokungahambisani noma ilimele, idinga ukushintshwa kwayo.

Usayizi wephakheji we-zener diode

Umdwebo 15: Izilinganiso Zephakheji ye-ZENER DIODE

Lapho usebenza nge-zener diodes, umuntu kumele ajwayele ubukhulu bawo ngokomzimba kanye nokupakishwa.Ubukhulu balezi zinhlobonhlobo ngokuvamile bunikezwa ngamasentimitha, kulandela izindinganiso ezithile zokukhiqiza kanye nezintandokazi zezimboni, yize ubukhulu bezimboni bukhona futhi ukuze kubhekwe.

Imininingwane yephakheji

Ubukhulu obungaphandle kwephakeji kaZener Dide, okubandakanya ububanzi (BD) nobude (bl), kungashintshwa ngaphakathi kwemingcele ebekiwe.Lokhu kuguquguquka kuvumela ngokwezifiso kufaneleka kuzicelo ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi lapho ukuphathwa kwe-thermal kuyinto ekhathazayo.Uma iphakethe le-zener dide kufaka phakathi ukunamathisela okushisayo, okusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukukhishwa okushisa kude ne-dide, le nto kufanele ibhekwe ngosayizi wephakeji ephelele.Kodwa-ke, izingqinamba ezijwayelekile zobukhulu obuncane bobubanzi (BD) azisebenzi lapho unamathisela okushisayo.Ukulinganiswa kobude (BL) kufanele kufake yonke iphakheji, unamathisela okushisayo afakiwe.

I-PIN PUMENTE V ariat Ions

E-Zener Diodes, ububanzi bezikhonkwane bungahluka ngaphakathi kwephakeji.Le v ariat ion ithola noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle ePin ukuqeda noma ukuphambuka ezingxenyeni ezingafaki ukunamathisela okushisayo.Izici ezifana nokuqina noma izifiso zokukhiqiza ezincane zingaholela ekungafani ngosayizi wephini, okubalulekile ukucubungula ngesikhathi sokwakheka nezinqubo zomhlangano.

Ukumelwa kwesitatimende sobubanzi

Ukuqinisekisa ukucaciswa kwemibhalo kanye nokuvumelana nemiklamo yobunjiniyela, usayizi wobubanzi emidwebeni kanye nokucaciswa kwama-zener diades anamathela kwi-ASME Y14.5M standard.Leli Zinga libonisa ukusetshenziswa kophawu lwe- "φx" ukumela ama-diameters, ukuthuthukisa ukufana kanye nokunemba kwimidwebo yobunjiniyela nokusiza ukugcina ukuvumelana kokukhiqiza imininingwane.

Ukugcina

Ukuthuthukiswa kweZener Diodees kubenze banakane ku-elekthronikhi yanamuhla, ikakhulukazi ekulingweni kwamandla kagesi nasekuvikelweni ngokweqile.Izindawo zabo ezihlukile ze-zener nezakhiwo ze-avalanche zizenza bakwazi ukuphatha ukuguquguquka kwegesi ngempumelelo.Ukuqhathanisa izinhlaka zazo nokusebenza kwalezo ze-Signal Diaches kujulisa ukuqonda kwethu ngezicelo ezithile emiklamo yesifunda.Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi ama-zener diodees evikela ukuvikelwa okusebenzayo, okusebenzayo okusebenzayo, aletha nezinselelo ezinjengokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphezulu kanye nesidingo sokuphathwa okusebenzayo okushisayo.Lezi zinkinga zigcizelela isidingo sokuqamba okusha kanye nokwenza kahle ekwakhiweni kwesizungu se-elekthronikhi ukuze kuvuleke amandla aphelele ama-zener diode.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Njalo [I-FAQ]

1. Iyiphi i-zener diode esetshenziselwa?

I-zener diode isetshenziselwa umthetho we-voltage, uqinisekise ukuthi noma ngabe i-voltage voltage iguquguquka, i-voltage yaphesheya kwe-zener diode ihlala iqinile.Iphinde isetshenziselwe ukuvikelwa okweqile ngokweqile, ukuvikela ama-elekthronikhi abucayi kusuka kuma-voltage spikes.

2. Kuyini ukuvikelwa okuvela ngokweqile?

Ukuvikelwa ngokweqile kuyindlela yokuvikela evikelekile evimbela amandla kagesi ngokweqile kusuka ekulimazeleni izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi.Kuqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga okusebenza kwamandla akwaVoltage ahlala emikhawulweni ephephile yezakhi zesifunda.

3. Yimiphi imibuthano yokuvikela ngokweqile?

Imibuthano yokuvikela ngokweqile ye-Overvoltage yenzelwe ukuvikela amandla aphezulu okufinyelela nasezakhiweni ezilimazayo.Lemibuthano ivame ukusebenzisa izingxenye ezinjenge-zener diodes, ama-varitors, noma i-depressor ye-volpressor (TVS) ye-depressor (TVS) i-depressor (TVS) i-depressor (ama-TV) ama-depressor (ama-tvs) ama-depressor (ama-tvs) ama-diodes ukubopha ama-voltage emazingeni aphephile ngesikhathi samandla kagesi.

4. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-diode ejwayelekile ne-zener diode?

Umehluko omkhulu ulele ekuphatheni kwe-reverse voltage.I-Dianes evamile ibhloke yamanje ekuqondisweni kabusha futhi ingalimala uma ugesi oguqukayo udlula umkhawulo othile.Ngokuphambene, ama-zener diode aklanyelwe ukuvala kuphela okuphambukayo kepha futhi aze aphathe ngokuphepha lapho ivolumu eguqukayo lidlula izinga elinqunyelwe ngaphambili, elaziwa ngokuthi i-zener voltage, ngaphandle komonakalo.

5. Uyini umgomo osebenzayo we-zener diode?

I-zener didiode isebenza ngokuvumela okwamanje ukuthi igeleze indlela yokubuyela emuva lapho i-voltage idlula i-voltage yayo ye-zener.Lokhu kungenxa yokwakheka kwayo kwe-P-N okudala isifunda esincanyana sokuqeda isiphelo.Amasimu aphezulu kagesi kulokhu kuhlangana avumela i-zener dide ukwenza emuva ngaphandle kokulimala, ngaleyo ndlela kugcinwe ukuqina kwamandla kagesi kulo lonke.Le mpahla isetshenziselwa umthetho we-voltage nokuvikelwa emisibukeni.